Original articleEffects of framing and level of probability on patients' preferences for cancer chemotherapy
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2018, International Review of NeurobiologyCitation Excerpt :Both the cancer patients' and the healthy controls' choices were significantly influenced by the probability percentage that was presented. Preferences for the toxic treatment were less preferred when the chance of survival were dropped below 50% (O'Connor, 1989). This weakening of preference was enhanced in subjects who were given the outcome was framed negatively (expressed as chance of dying greater than 50%).
Breaking bad news: Effects of forecasting diagnosis and framing prognosis
2016, Patient Education and CounselingCitation Excerpt :Framing does not lead to universal optimism (or pessimism) about the future, but negative framing was associated with reduced hope in domains directly related to the physician’s discussion of prognosis, such as chances of living 10 years and living longer than expected. These findings are consistent with previous research showing that positive framing increases patients’ willingness to accept medical treatment by manipulating perceptions of the risk of side effects [61,62]. However, more work is needed to understand the complex relationships between framing, other factors relevant within a prognostic conversation, and the multiple outcomes that are important following these conversations, including psychological adjustment over time and shared decision-making [53].