Table 4

 Inter-rater reliability for all three reviewers for preventability

OutcomeFrequency reported by each reviewer, N (%)κ (95% CI)
Reviewer 1Reviewer 2Reviewer 3
*Based on preventability scores (score 1–3 = preventable, score 4–6 = not preventable).
Preventability decision (yes or no)
Not preventable23 (3.28)18 (2.57)21 (3.00)0.47 (0.43 to 0.51)
Preventable329 (46.93)398 (56.78)326 (46.50)0.35 (0.31 to 0.39)
Not applicable349 (49.79)285 (40.66)354 (50.50)0.37 (0.33 to 0.41)
Overall agreement0.37 (0.33 to 0.41)
Preventability score
1 (definitely preventable)257 (36.67)307 (43.80)298 (42.51)0.33 (0.29 to 0.37)
2 (strong evidence for preventability)33 (4.71)44 (6.28)13 (1.85)0.18 (0.14 to 0.22)
3 (preventability more likely than not)25 (3.57)42 (6.00)14 (2.00)0.31 (0.27 to 0.35)
4 (preventability not quite likely)11 (1.57)17 (2.43)5 (0.71)0.17 (0.13 to 0.21)
5 (slight to modest evidence not preventable)7 (1.00)2 (0.29)7 (1.00)0.06 (0.02 to 0.10)
6 (definitely not preventable)19 (2.71)6 (0.86)11 (1.57)0.24 (0.20 to 0.28)
Not scored349 (49.79)283 (40.37)353 (50.36)0.37 (0.33 to 0.41)
Overall agreement0.33 (0.29 to 0.37)
Preventability category*
Preventable315 (44.94)393 (56.06)325 (46.36)0.37 (0.33 to 0.41)
Not applicable349 (49.79)283 (40.37)353 (50.36)0.37 (0.33 to 0.41)
Not preventable37 (5.28)25 (3.57)23 (3.28)0.53 (0.49 to 0.57)
Overall agreement0.38 (0.34 to 0.42)