Table 1

 Characteristics of observations

UK wardsGerman wardsFrench wardTotal
NC, data not collected.
Observations
    Preparations299425100824
    Administrations273425100798
Ward type mix
    General ward29982100481
    Intensive care03430343
Nurses
    Total number122NC22144
    Registered (years)10.8NC8.9
    Accredited for IV therapy (years)6.4NCNC
Type of intravenous products prepared
    Liquid into syringe582712332
    Liquid into bag137325111
    Powder into syringe95301126
    Powder into bag1042672202
    Pharmacy or industry prepared2925054