Table 2

 Precluded events v resilience models of high reliability

Precluded eventsResilience
Standardised raw material; repetitive problemsUnstandardised materials; large problem variety
Formal deductive principles cover system behaviourImportant role for experiential and tacit knowledge
Command and control of system inputs and outputs;High input variance; low output variance
low input and output variance
Action within analysisImprovisational actions
Action under anticipationMajor role for real time action