Table 1

Characteristics of the studies identified

Nature of AE or practice^*	Type of economic evaluation					Data source or technique for AE identification^*
	Cost studies		Complete evaluations^*			Surveillance systems	Professional assessment	Laboratory	Administrative records	Literature	Not stated/not concerned
	Cost of AEs	Cost of safety practices	CEA	CUA	CBA	Surveillance systems	Professional assessment	Laboratory	Administrative records	Literature	Not stated/not concerned
Several types of AE/comprehensive PSP	24	25 26	None	None	27 28	None	24	None	None	27	25
HAIs and/or infection control activities	29–44	25 45	46 47	48	46–48	33 34 38 39 41 42 46 47 49	29 31 35 43	29 37 43 44	30 32 36	48	25 26 28 40 45
Medication related	50	None	51–54	55	55	None	51 53	52	50	54 55	None
Perioperative care	None	None	None	56	None	None	None	None	56	None	None

↵* Categories are not mutually exclusive.
AE, adverse event; CEA, cost-effectiveness analysis; CBA, cost-benefit analysis; CUA, cost-utility analysis; HAI, healthcare-associated infection; PSP, patient safety practices.