Table 2

Summary of quality assessment of studies

Chronic disease area	Study	Quality assessment^*
Chronic disease area	Study	Conflict of interest	Study design	Participant selection	Allocation concealment and blinding	Data collection	Attributable to intervention	Appropriate analysis
Diabetes	Dijkstra et al8	?	++	++	+	+	+	+
	Dijkstra et al9	?	++	++	+	+	+	+
	Dijkstra et al10	?	+	++	?	+	+	+
	Simmons et al11	−	++	++	+	+	++	+
Oncology	Cornbleet et al12	−	++	++	−	−	+	+
	Drury et al13	?	++	++	+	−	+	+
	Lecouturier et al14	?	+	++	+	−	+	+
	Williams et al15	++	+	++	+	+	+	+
	Finlay and Wyatt16	?	+	−	+	−	+	+
	van Wersch et al17	?	+	+	−	−	+	−
Mental health	Lester et al18	?	++	+	+	+	+	+
Mental health	Warner et al19	++	++	+	+	+	++	+
Rheumatoid arthritis	Riemsma et al20	?	+	+	+	+	+	+
Stroke	Ayana et al21	?	+	+	−	+	+	+
Palliative care	Latimer et al22	?	++	+	?	−	+	?

↵* Quality assessment: ++, criterion met; +, criterion partially met; −, criterion not met; ?, unclear from the information provided.