Diabetes | Dijkstra et al8 9 | Cluster RCT; 9 hospitals Dijkstra 2005) and 13 hospitals (Dijkstra 2006); The Netherlands | 1350 patients (Dijkstra et al8) and 1305 patients (Dijkstra et al9) under the care of an internist for diabetic monitoring | PHR with additional education; healthcare staff received education about diabetes care | Usual care | Dijkstra 2005: outcome indicators such as HbA1c, and other biochemical markers, and process indicators such as physical examinations. Dijkstra 2006: cost-effectiveness of the PHR; healthcare utilisation; modelling of healthcare utilisation costs.
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Diabetes | Dijkstra et al10 | Cluster RCT; 40 general practices; The Netherlands | 2059 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus | PHR with healthcare staff education and external treatment monitoring | Usual care | Health service usage, and various physiological, physical and behavioural measurements |
Diabetes | Simmons et al11 | Cluster RCT; numerous general practices in urban, provincial and rural areas; New Zealand | 398 patients with type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus and poor glucose control | PHR and control booklet; instructions on how to use the treatment | Control booklets only; instructions on how to use the treatment | HbA1c levels, knowledge and attitude to diabetes, and various physiological and behavioural measures |
Oncology | Cornbleet et al12 | RCT; numerous outpatient oncology centres or hospice home-care services; Scotland | 231 adult patients with cancer attending an outpatient clinic or receiving home hospice care | PHR | Usual care | Communication and patient satisfaction |
Oncology | Drury et al13 | RCT; numerous radiotherapy clinics; UK | Six hundred and fifty patients with cancer receiving radiotherapy as outpatients | PHR | Usual care | Patient satisfaction and quality of life |
Oncology | Lecouturier et al 200214 | RCT; general community and hospitals; UK | Hundred and eighty-eight adult patients with cancer of any type from the community; adult patients with colorectal or lung cancer from hospitals | PHR with healthcare staff instructing patients how to use the PHR | Usual care | Patient satisfaction with care and communication |
Oncology | Williams et al 200115 | RCT; one hospital; UK | Five hundred and one adult patients with cancer | PHR | Usual care | Patient quality of life, views and perspectives on PHR use and preferences, and health service resource use |
Oncology | Finlay and Wyatt16 | Crossover RCT; setting not reported | Seventy-eight patients with cancer at various stages | PHR | Unstructured informal record | Patients' preferences of the format of the PHR, advantages and disadvantages of the PHR, and PHR utilisation by patients and healthcare staff |
Oncology | van Wersch et al17 | Cohort; two hospitals; The Netherlands | Hundred and twenty-five head and neck patients with cancer | PHR with organisational and educational resources | Usual care | Broad outcomes measuring patients' use of the intervention, how the intervention helped with patients' treatment course, communication with healthcare staff and other professionals |
Mental health | Lester et al 200318 | Cluster RCT; 74 general practices and six community mental health localities; UK | Two hundred and one patients with schizophrenia | PHR | Usual care | Patient satisfaction, psychopathology, and use of primary and secondary care |
Mental health | Warner et al19 | Cluster RCT; 28 general practices; UK | Ninety patients with long-term mental illness | PHR and written and verbal explanation on how to use the PHR | Usual care | Various behavioural/psychopathology, psychiatric, satisfaction, and healthcare use measures |
Rheumatoid arthritis | Riemsma et al20 | CT; two outpatient clinics; The Netherlands | Hundred and forty-one patients with rheumatoid arthritis who attended outpatient clinics of rheumatologists | PHR and education, and healthcare staff received education about the PHR and treatment strategies for rheumatoid arthritis | Usual care | Various patient behavioural measures, attitudes and opinions about their care and about the PHR. Also measured was the utilisation of various healthcare staff during the study. |
Stroke | Ayana et al21 | Cohort trial with a historical control; one hospital; UK | Two hundred and fifty-two patients with stroke from general medical and geriatric medicine inpatient wards | PHR | Usual care | Various patient behavioural measures, attitudes and opinions about their care and about the PHR. Also measured was the utilisation of various healthcare staff during the study. |
Palliative care | Latimer et al22 | RCT; one hospital; Canada | Fourty-six palliative care patients | PHR | Usual care | Measures of patients' mood, certainty of illness, healthcare and social service utilisation, and satisfaction with care |