Characteristics of clients with or without AE (selected variables)†
| Adverse events | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | No | Yes | Total | p Value* |
| Age (years) | 71.20 | 75.93 | 71.52 | 0.016 |
| Difficulty with communication later on during index admission (%)‡ | 14.46 | 23.75 | 15.10 | 0.025 |
| Difficulty with communication at intake or later on during index admission (%) | 15.35 | 24.05 | 15.94 | 0.041 |
| Cognitive patterns problems (out of 3)§ | 0.65 | 1.12 | 0.68 | 0.004 |
| Communication problems (out of 4) | 0.71 | 0.96 | 0.72 | 0.017 |
| Mood and behaviour problems (out of 2) | 0.31 | 0.49 | 0.32 | 0.022 |
| IADL (1 independent, 4 dependent) | 2.35 | 2.82 | 2.39 | 0.000 |
| IADL (% independent) | 43.9 | 27.4 | 42.6 | 0.000 |
| ADL (1 independent, 4 dependent) | 1.63 | 1.86 | 1.65 | 0.015 |
| ADL (% independent) | 68.5 | 59.3 | 67.8 | 0.011 |
| Client functional status has deteriorated during admission (%) | 24.88 | 56.79 | 27.11 | 0.000 |
| Pain (%) | 55.57 | 75.38 | 57.01 | 0.002 |
| History of falls (%) | 30.00 | 43.84 | 31.09 | 0.014 |
| Medications: number of prescriptions and over-the-counter meds: | ||||
| None | 33 | 2 | 35 | |
| 1–3 | 154 | 9 | 163 | |
| 4–9 | 532 | 36 | 568 | |
| >9 | 267 | 34 | 301 | |
| Total | 986 | 81 | 1067 | 0.015 |
| Number of comorbid conditions (out of 32) | 3.94 | 5.56 | 4.05 | 0.000 |
| Cardiac and vascular disease (out of 7) | 1.37 | 2.01 | 1.41 | 0.000 |
| Transient ischaemic attack | 0.08 | 0.15 | 0.08 | 0.032 |
| Coronary artery disease | 0.21 | 0.40 | 0.22 | 0.000 |
| Hypertension | 0.50 | 0.67 | 0.51 | 0.004 |
| Neurological | ||||
| Other dementia | 0.07 | 0.17 | 0.08 | 0.002 |
| Infections (out of 5) | 0.25 | 0.53 | 0.27 | 0.001 |
| Pneumonia | 0.07 | 0.14 | 0.07 | 0.018 |
| Urinary tract infection | 0.06 | 0.20 | 0.07 | 0.000 |
| Other infection | 0.11 | 0.20 | 0.12 | 0.026 |
| Diabetes | 0.26 | 0.38 | 0.26 | 0.012 |
| Respiratory (out of 2) | 0.18 | 0.33 | 0.19 | 0.020 |
| Emphysema/chronic obstructive lung disease | 0.12 | 0.25 | 0.13 | 0.001 |
| Other comorbid conditions not noted above | 0.59 | 0.70 | 0.60 | 0.045 |
*p Value indicates significant difference between cases with and without adverse event, based on χ2 test for categorical variables and t test for continuous variables. None of the p values correct for multiple comparisons.
†This table presents only the statistically significant variables. See online supplementary appendix table 1 for all tested variables.
‡Indicates the percentage of clients with this characteristic.
§Indicates the average number of problems or conditions in this category.