Mean frequency of urinary incontinence (UI) loss by availability of quality systems
| Quality systems | No of teams with quality system(s) | Unadjusted mean frequency | Adjusted estimated mean frequency‡ | Mean difference | 95% CI interval difference | p Value* |
| Agency level† | ||||||
| A | 9 | 3.55 (0.23) | 3.57 | −0.01 | −0.3 to 0.2 | 0.91 |
| AB | 18 | 3.50 (0.31) | 3.51 | 0.05 | −0.2 to 0.3 | 0.63 |
| ACD | 7 | 3.46 (0.49) | 3.37 | 0.19 | −0.1 to 0.5 | 0.17 |
| BC | 1 | 3.31 | 3.34 | 0.21 | −0.4 to 0.8 | 0.49 |
| BCD | 29 | 3.59 (0.31) | 3.59 | −0.03 | −0.2 to 0.1 | 0.70 |
| C | 17 | 3.51 (0.26) | 3.51 | 0.05 | −0.1 to 0.2 | 0.60 |
| D | 2 | 3.28 (0.16) | 3.31 | 0.2 | −0.2 to 0.7 | 0.26 |
| None (reference) | 72 | 3.56 (0.30) | 3.56 | |||
| Team level | ||||||
| a | 6 | 3.64 (0.23) | 3.62 | −0.12 | −0.4 to 0.2 | 0.38 |
| ab | 4 | 3.53 (0.35) | 3.56 | −0.06 | −0.4 to 0.3 | 0.71 |
| ac | 48 | 3.55 (0.28) | 3.56 | −0.06 | −0.2 to 0.1 | 0.42 |
| abc | 11 | 3.60 (0.32) | 3.59 | −0.09 | −0.3 to 0.1 | 0.43 |
| acd | 1 | 3.86 | 3.89 | −0.38 | −1.0 to 0.2 | 0.22 |
| abcd | 9 | 3.41 (0.44) | 3.34 | 0.16 | −0.1 to 0.4 | 0.20 |
| b | 1 | 3.17 | 3.19 | 0.31 | −0.3 to 0.9 | 0.32 |
| bc | 4 | 3.57 (0.12) | 3.60 | −0.10 | −0.4 to 0.2 | 0.56 |
| c | 48 | 3.54 (0.28) | 3.54 | −0.04 | −0.2 to 0.1 | 0.58 |
| None (reference) | 23 | 3.50 (0.37) | 3.50 | |||
A, protocol on incontinence; B, updating of protocol; C, continence nurse; D, UI education; a, nurse with special UI focus; b, check as to whether UI protocol is used; c, documentation in patient record; d, UI brochure.
↵* When compared with teams (within home care agencies) without quality systems.
↵† Adjusted for mobility (% bedridden): b=001, p=0.038.
↵‡ Range 2–4.