Table 1

Participant characteristics

Role	Survey respondents		In-depth interview participants
Role	n	%	n	%
Physician	42	19	42	21
Physician assistant/advanced practice nurse	7	3	6	3
Nurse	56	25	54	27
Management and administration	70	31	32	16
Quality improvement staff	16	7	22	11
Emergency medical services staff	10	4	13	7
Pharmacists	12	5	13	7
Other	10	4	15	8
Total	223		197