There is no tradition for sharing the responsibility for episodes of care between the primary and secondary sectors in the Danish health care system. Concurrently with increased international experience with shared care programmes, there is also a growing interest in Denmark in cooperation between the sectors. Based on literature research, shared care programmes are presented as a method of ensuring continuity and quality in treatment of chronic diseases. Experiences in the areas of diabetes, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, and cancer are described. It is concluded that the Danish health care system is well prepared for the implementation of shared care programmes; there are only few sources of payment in the system, and an extensive continuing medical education system ensures that general practitioners can participate in relevant education. The implementation of shared care programmes in Denmark should be followed by scientific evaluation and documentation of the quality of the treatment programmes.