RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 A decision-tree model to estimate the impact on cost-effectiveness of a venous thromboembolism prophylaxis guideline JF Quality and Safety in Health Care JO Qual Saf Health Care FD BMJ Publishing Group Ltd SP 309 OP 313 DO 10.1136/qshc.2007.023135 VO 18 IS 4 A1 A Ferrando A1 E Pagano A1 L Scaglione A1 M Petrinco A1 D Gregori A1 G Ciccone YR 2009 UL http://qualitysafety.bmj.com/content/18/4/309.abstract AB Background and objective: The impact of clinical guidelines (GL) on venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis was evaluated in a large Italian hospital with a before/after study. GL were effective in increasing the appropriateness of prophylaxis and in reducing VTE. Following this study, the aim was to estimate the impact of the adopted GL on costs and benefits through a cost-effectiveness analysis.Methods: A decision-tree model was used to compare prophylaxis costs and effects before and after GL implementation. All patients were classified into four risk profiles (low, moderate, high, very high). Outcomes considered were: no event, asymptomatic VTE, symptomatic VTE, fatal pulmonary embolism and major bleeding. Patient risks and the probability of receiving prophylaxis were defined using data from the previous study. Outcome probabilities were derived from the literature. Regional Drg reimbursements and hospital figures were used for costing the events.Results: Despite a marked increase in the number of patients receiving some form of prophylaxis, it was estimated that the introduction of GL reduced the average cost per patient related to VTE from €210 to €181 (−14%), with a parallel absolute decrease in VTE complications (−5%). Results are particularly relevant in the very-high-risk group. Sensitivity analysis confirmed the overall cost savings and gains in effectiveness.Conclusions: The implementation of locally adapted GL on VTE prophylaxis may lead to a benefit in terms of both costs and effects, especially for the highest-risk patients.