RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Method for developing national quality indicators based on manual data extraction from medical records JF BMJ Quality & Safety JO BMJ Qual Saf FD BMJ Publishing Group Ltd SP 155 OP 162 DO 10.1136/bmjqs-2012-001170 VO 22 IS 2 A1 Melanie Couralet A1 Henri Leleu A1 Frederic Capuano A1 Leah Marcotte A1 GĂ©rard Nitenberg A1 Claude Sicotte A1 Etienne Minvielle YR 2013 UL http://qualitysafety.bmj.com/content/22/2/155.abstract AB Developing quality indicators (QI) for national purposes (eg, public disclosure, paying-for-performance) highlights the need to find accessible and reliable data sources for collecting standardised data. The most accurate and reliable data source for collecting clinical and organisational information still remains the medical record. Data collection from electronic medical records (EMR) would be far less burdensome than from paper medical records (PMR). However, the development of EMRs is costly and has suffered from low rates of adoption and barriers of usability even in developed countries. Currently, methods for producing national QIs based on the medical record rely on manual extraction from PMRs. We propose and illustrate such a method. These QIs display feasibility, reliability and discriminative power, and can be used to compare hospitals. They have been implemented nationwide in France since 2006. The method used to develop these QIs could be adapted for use in large-scale programmes of hospital regulation in other, including developing, countries.