Table 1

Summary of the possible processes involved in omitting a necessary

Level of failureNature of failureFailure type
Planning and intention formation• A necessary item is unwittingly overlookedMistake
• The item is deliberately left out of the action plan.Violation
Intention storage in prospective memory• The intention to carry out the action(s) is not recalled at the appropriate timeLapse
Action execution• The actions do not proceed as intended and a necessary item is unwittingly omitted from the sequenceSlip
Monitoring• The actor neither detects nor corrects the prior omissionSlip or violation