Estimates of relative risk reduction of cardiovascular events and all cause mortality
| Disease (intervention) | Outcome | Relative risk reduction (RRR) |
|---|---|---|
| CHD = coronary heart disease; ACE = angiotensin converting enzyme; A2 = angiotensin 2; HF = heart failure; DBP = diastolic blood pressure; CVD = cardiovascular disease. | ||
| *Defined as per Framingham study.15 | ||
| CHD (aspirin) | Cardiovascular events* | 25%34 |
| CHD and HF (ACE inhibitors/A2 antagonists) | Death or hospitalisation for HF | 26%24 |
| Stroke (aspirin) | Cardiovascular events* | 22%34 |
| CHD (influenza immunization) | Deaths from influenza | 50%27 |
| Hypertension (antihypertensive treatment) | Cardiovascular events* | 11% reduction in CHD and 19% reduction in stroke30 per 2.5 mm Hg reduction in DBP |
| Hypertension and CHD (antihypertensive treatment) | ||
| Hypertension and stroke (antihypertensive treatment) | ||
| Hypertension and diabetes (antihypertensive treatment) | ||
| High cholesterol and CHD (cholesterol lowering treatment) | Cardiovascular events* | 10% reduction in CVD events per 0.2 mmol/l reduction31, 32 |
| High cholesterol and stroke (cholesterol lowering treatment) | ||
| High cholesterol and diabetes (cholesterol lowering treatment) | ||