Penalty/repercussion | US | 3 | 7.6 | 15.2 | 62.1 | 12.1 | <0.01† |
JP | 5.2 | 17.2 | 32.8 | 36.2 | 8.6 |
Reward/prestige | US | 6.1 | 30.3 | 30.3 | 28.8 | 4.5 | 0.04† |
JP | 0 | 19 | 36.2 | 34.5 | 10.3 |
Social acceptance or rejection | US | 1.5 | 18.2 | 31.8 | 43.9 | 4.5 | 0.02+ |
JP | 5.2 | 6.9 | 22.4 | 43.1 | 22.4 |
Knowledge/experience/understanding | US | 3 | 0 | 7.6 | 41.3 | 47.6 | 0.13 |
JP | 0 | 1.7 | 17.2 | 46.6 | 34.5 |
Image/self-worth/pride | US | 0 | 18.5 | 20 | 47.7 | 13.8 | 0.02† |
JP | 10.3 | 8.6 | 46.6 | 27.6 | 6.9 |
Teamwork/professionalism/hierarchy | US | 1.5 | 4.6 | 15.4 | 50 | 29 | 0.09 |
JP | 1.7 | 6.9 | 27.6 | 43.1 | 20.7 |
Communication skills | US | 1.5 | 9.2 | 9.2 | 52.3 | 27.7 | 0.03† |
JP | 0 | 0 | 19 | 29.3 | 51.7 |
Relationship/personality of superiors | US | 1.8 | 3.6 | 14.5 | 56.4 | 23.6 | 0.16 |
JP | 0 | 1.7 | 17.2 | 39.7 | 41.4 |
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Question (2) You are considering speaking up and ultimately you choose NOT TO CHALLENGE the senior surgeon about the problem. How important are these issues in affecting your decision not to challenge?
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Penalty/repercussion | US | 3.1 | 17.2 | 7.8 | 59.4 | 12.5 | 0.04† |
JP | 8.8 | 15.8 | 22.8 | 40.4 | 12.3 |
Reward/prestige | US | 10.9 | 42.2 | 17.2 | 29.7 | 0 | 0.38 |
JP | 14 | 22.8 | 33.3 | 21.1 | 8.8 |
Social acceptance or rejection | US | 4.7 | 17.2 | 20.3 | 51.6 | 6.3 | 0.03† |
JP | 3.5 | 5.3 | 19.3 | 49.1 | 22.8 |
Knowledge/experience/understanding | US | 6.3 | 12.7 | 19 | 42.9 | 19 | 0.06 |
JP | 3.5 | 5.3 | 17.5 | 40.4 | 33.3 |
Image/self-worth/pride | US | 9.5 | 22.2 | 28.6 | 31.7 | 7.9 | 0.87 |
JP | 10.5 | 14 | 35.1 | 26.3 | 14 |
Teamwork/professionalism/hierarchy | US | 3.2 | 6.5 | 11.3 | 67.7 | 11.3 | 0.31 |
JP | 7 | 5.3 | 21.1 | 50.9 | 15.8 |
Communication skills | US | 1.6 | 21 | 19.4 | 46.8 | 11.3 | 0.06 |
JP | 1.8 | 5.3 | 28.1 | 33.3 | 31.6 |
Relationship/personality of superiors | US | 1.8 | 5.5 | 20 | 41.8 | 30.9 | 0.77 |
JP | 3.5 | 5.3 | 17.5 | 38.6 | 35.1 |