Operation-related | Localising care to high-volume centres | Halm et al. Is volume related to outcome in health care? A systematic review and methodologic critique of the literature. Ann Intern Med 200234 | 2A |
Training programmes for laparoscopic procedures | Scheeres et al. Animate advanced laparoscopic courses improve resident operative performance. Am J Surg 200435 | 2B |
Medical emergency team | Bellomo et al. Prospective controlled trial of effect of medical emergency team on postoperative morbidity and mortality rates. Crit Care Med 200436 | 2B |
Ultrasound guidance of central vein catheterisation | Randolph et al. Ultrasound guidance for placement of central venous catheters: a meta-analysis of the literature. Crit Care Med 199637 | 1A |
Prevention of surgical site infections: | Antibiotic prophylaxis | Song et al. Antimicrobial prophylaxis in colorectal surgery: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Br J Surg 199838 | 1A |
Peri-operative normothermia | Kurz et al. Perioperative normothermia to reduce the incidence of surgical-wound infection and shorten hospitalization. N Engl J Med 199639 | 1B |
Supplemental oxygen | Greif et al. Supplemental perioperative oxygen to reduce the incidence of surgical-wound infection. N Engl J Med 200040 | 1B |
Glucose control in diabetics | Furnary et al. Clinical effects of hyperglycemia in the cardiac surgery population: the portland diabetic project. Endocr Pract 200641 | 2B |
Perioperative beta blockers | Devereaux et al. How strong is the evidence for the use of perioperative beta blockers in non-cardiac surgery? Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. BMJ 200542 | 1A |
Drug-related | Computerised Physician Order Entry (CPOE) and Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS) | Overhage et al. A randomized trial of “corollary orders” to prevent errors of omission. J Am Med Inform Assoc 199743 | 1B |
Clinical pharmacist consultation services | Leape et al. Pharmacist participation on physician rounds and adverse drug events in the intensive care unit. JAMA 199944 | 2B |
Bar code technology in pharmacy | Poon et al. Medication dispensing errors and potential adverse drug events before and after implementing bar code technology in the pharmacy. Ann Intern Med 200645 | 2B |
Patient self-management of anticoagulation | Cromheecke et al. Oral anticoagulation self-management and management by a specialist anticoagulation clinic: a randomized crossover comparison. Lancet 200046 | 1B |