Table 4 Crude and adjusted ward-specific implementation of patient-centredness strategies
Domain ItemCrude maturity classificationAdjusted* maturity classification
High = 1 Intermediate: OR (95% CI)Low: OR (95% CI)p Value†High = 1 Intermediate: OR (95% CI)Low: OR (95% CI)p Value†
Patients’ rights
    Patients give written consent to treatment10.01210.645
1.6 (1.1 to 2.3)1.3 (0.8 to 2.2)
2.1 (1.2 to 3.4)1.2 (0.6 to 2.6)
    Consultation and treatment allow privacy10.23110.175
1.3 (0.9 to 2.0)1.5 (1.0 to 2.4)
1.5 (0.9 to 2.5)1.5 (0.8 to 2.7)
Patient information and empowerment
    Ability to inform foreign patients about their condition and treatment10.00110.030
1.9 (1.2 to 2.9)1.7 (1.1 to 2.8)
2.6 (1.6 to 4.4)2.2 (1.2 to 3.8)
    Patients informed at discharge about follow-up care10.43410.202
1.5 (0.7 to 3.2)1.3 (0.5 to 3.1)
1.0 (0.4 to 2.3)0.5 (0.2 to 1.5)
Learning from patients
    Patients invited to express opinion10.54810.056
1.1 (0.7 to 1.3)1.3 (0.8 to 2.1)
1.3 (0.8 to 2.0)2.1 (1.1 to 4.0)
    Patients informed about the complaints procedure1<0.0011<0.001
1.8 (1.2 to 2.7)1.8 (1.1 to 2.7)
4.6 (2.7 to 7.8)3.7 (2.0 to 7.0)
Patient hotel services
    Single room upon request10.0011<0.001
1.1 (0.8 to 1.6)1.1 (0.7 to 3.8)
2.3 (1.4 to 3.6)3.2 (1.7 to 3.1)
    Choice in timing of meals10.00610.060
3.2 (1.2 to 8.4)2.6 (1.0 to 7.1)
5.1 (1.9 to 13.9)3.7 (1.3 to 10.8)
  • *Adjusted for: country (Belgium, Czech Republic, France, Ireland, Poland, Spain), hospital type (university hospital, general teaching hospital, general non-teaching hospital), hospital ownership (public, private not-for-profit, private for-profit), and ward (acute myocardial infarction, appendicitis).

  • †p Value for Wald statistic.

  • OR, odds ratio.