Safety attitudes questionnaire domain item scores (N=144 JHH Clinical Areas)
| Safety culture domain‡ or item | 2006 score* | 2008 score* | Mean difference¶ | SD | SE | 95% CI Upper | 95% CI Lower | t | p Value† |
| Teamwork climate | 64.74 | 70.64 | 5.90 | 16.45 | 1.37 | 8.61 | 3.19 | 4.30 | 0.000 |
| Nurse input is well received in this clinical area | 74.22 | 79.31 | 5.09 | 15.34 | 1.28 | 7.62 | 2.56 | 3.98 | 0.000 |
| In this clinical area, it is difficult to speak up if I perceive a problem with patient care§ | 17.53 | 14.93 | −2.61 | 12.31 | 1.03 | −0.58 | −4.64 | −2.54 | 0.012 |
| Disagreements in this clinical area are resolved appropriately (ie, not who is right, but what is best for the patient) | 65.22 | 71.06 | 5.84 | 16.50 | 1.38 | 8.56 | 3.12 | 4.25 | 0.000 |
| I have the support I need from other personnel to care for patients | 76.67 | 83.52 | 6.85 | 15.41 | 1.28 | 9.39 | −4.31 | −5.33 | 0.000 |
| It is easy for personnel here to ask questions when there is something that they do not understand | 83.96 | 87.42 | 3.46 | 12.94 | 1.08 | 5.59 | 1.33 | 3.21 | 0.002 |
| The physicians and nurses here work together as a well-coordinated team | 71.69 | 77.43 | 5.75 | 18.00 | 1.50 | 8.71 | 2.78 | 3.83 | 0.000 |
| Safety climate | 61.01 | 69.37 | 8.36 | 16.67 | 1.39 | 11.11 | 5.61 | 6.02 | 0.000 |
| I would feel safe being treated here as a patient | 71.09 | 76.12 | 5.03 | 13.76 | 1.15 | 7.29 | 2.76 | 4.38 | 0.000 |
| Medical errors are handled appropriately in this clinical area | 77.39 | 83.65 | 6.25 | 15.13 | 1.26 | 8.74 | 3.76 | 4.96 | 0.000 |
| I know the proper channels to direct questions regarding patient safety in this clinical area | 86.25 | 90.25 | 4.00 | 10.90 | 0.91 | 5.80 | 2.21 | 4.41 | 0.000 |
| I receive appropriate feedback about my performance | 71.81 | 74.52 | 2.71 | 13.75 | 1.15 | 4.97 | 0.44 | 2.36 | 0.020 |
| In this clinical area, it is difficult to discuss errors§ | 22.98 | 18.79 | −4.19 | 13.57 | 1.13 | −1.95 | −6.42 | −3.71 | 0.000 |
| I am encouraged by my colleagues to report any patient safety concerns I may have | 77.17 | 83.15 | 5.98 | 14.33 | 1.19 | 8.34 | 3.62 | 5.01 | 0.000 |
| The culture in this clinical area makes it easy to learn from the errors of others | 66.91 | 71.55 | 4.64 | 14.12 | 1.18 | 6.96 | 2.31 | 3.94 | 0.000 |
| Job satisfaction | 60.89 | 66.49 | 5.60 | 17.64 | 1.47 | 8.51 | 2.70 | 3.81 | 0.000 |
| I like my job | 81.36 | 83.85 | 2.49 | 12.38 | 1.03 | 4.53 | 0.45 | 2.41 | 0.017 |
| Working here is like being part of a large family | 66.73 | 70.80 | 4.08 | 18.07 | 1.51 | 7.05 | 1.10 | 2.71 | 0.008 |
| This is a good place to work | 75.43 | 81.92 | 6.50 | 14.28 | 1.19 | 8.85 | 4.14 | 5.46 | 0.000 |
| I am proud to work in this clinical area | 80.61 | 83.52 | 2.91 | 13.88 | 1.16 | 5.20 | 0.62 | 2.52 | 0.013 |
| Morale in this clinical area is high | 52.54 | 59.25 | 6.71 | 21.45 | 1.79 | 10.24 | 3.18 | 3.75 | 0.000 |
| Stress recognition | 45.36 | 45.84 | 0.48 | 13.38 | 1.11 | 2.68 | 1.73 | 0.43 | 0.670 |
| When my workload becomes excessive, my performance is impaired | 61.80 | 60.88 | −0.92 | 14.38 | 1.20 | 1.45 | −3.29 | −0.77 | 0.446 |
| I am less effective at work when fatigued | 71.82 | 70.88 | −0.93 | 13.87 | 1.16 | 1.35 | −3.22 | −0.81 | 0.422 |
| I am more likely to make errors in tense or hostile situations | 62.50 | 62.27 | −0.23 | 14.65 | 1.22 | 2.18 | −2.64 | −0.19 | 0.850 |
| Fatigue impairs my performance during emergency situations (eg, emergency resuscitation, seisure) | 43.61 | 44.12 | 0.51 | 14.92 | 1.24 | 2.97 | −1.95 | 0.41 | 0.683 |
| Hospital management quality | 39.25 | 46.61 | 7.36 | 18.29 | 1.52 | 10.37 | 4.35 | 4.83 | 0.000 |
| (Hospital) management supports my daily efforts | 48.89 | 54.17 | 5.27 | 21.65 | 1.80 | 8.84 | 1.71 | 2.92 | 0.004 |
| (Hospital) management does not knowingly compromise the safety of patients | 61.71 | 66.65 | 4.94 | 18.05 | 1.50 | 7.91 | 1.96 | 3.28 | 0.001 |
| The levels of staffing in this clinical area are sufficient to handle the number of patients | 50.92 | 55.89 | 4.97 | 21.19 | 1.77 | 8.46 | 1.48 | 2.82 | 0.006 |
| I get adequate, timely information about events that might affect my work, from hospital management | 51.83 | 59.36 | 7.53 | 19.85 | 1.65 | 10.80 | 4.26 | 4.55 | 0.000 |
| Working conditions | 48.01 | 54.93 | 6.92 | 16.46 | 1.37 | 9.63 | 4.20 | 5.04 | 0.000 |
| All the necessary information for diagnostic and therapeutic decisions is routinely available to me | 67.10 | 72.43 | 5.34 | 17.49 | 1.46 | 8.23 | 2.44 | 3.65 | 0.000 |
| Problem personnel are dealt with constructively by our hospital management | 40.70 | 45.68 | 4.98 | 17.55 | 1.46 | 7.87 | 2.09 | 3.40 | 0.001 |
| Trainees in my discipline are adequately supervised | 71.23 | 76.45 | 5.22 | 15.61 | 1.30 | 7.79 | 2.65 | 4.01 | 0.000 |
| This hospital does a good job of training new personnel | 63.10 | 68.37 | 5.28 | 16.40 | 1.37 | 7.98 | 2.58 | 3.86 | 0.000 |
| Unit management quality | 61.67 | 68.13 | 6.46 | 18.09 | 1.51 | 9.44 | 3.48 | 4.29 | 0.000 |
| (Unit) management supports my daily efforts | 71.85 | 76.31 | 4.47 | 15.76 | 1.31 | 7.06 | 1.87 | 3.40 | 0.001 |
| (Unit) management does not knowingly compromise the safety of patients | 74.25 | 79.43 | 5.17 | 15.95 | 1.33 | 7.80 | 2.55 | 3.89 | 0.000 |
| I get adequate, timely information about events that might affect my work, from unit management | 66.24 | 73.78 | 7.54 | 17.32 | 1.44 | 10.40 | 4.69 | 5.23 | 0.000 |
An italicised row represents the overall domain scale score of the items listed underneath.
↵* Score is defined as the average agreement for the hospital: the percentage of respondents who agreed (slightly or strongly) with each item is calculated for each clinical area, and then the mean of these percentages is used as the average agreement for the hospital.
↵† Paired-samples t tests and p values compare 2006 scores with 2008 scores.
↵‡ Domain scale scores are calculated using the mean of the percentage agreement across the items in that domain.
↵§ Items are reverse-scored due to negative wording.
↵¶ Mean difference calculated by subtracting 2008 score from 2006 score.