Table 2

PC-SafeQuest: factor loadings, reliability coefficients, mean scores and SD of the retained questionnaire items and safety climate factors

Items	Factor loadings					Reliability
Items	Wk	Cm	Ldr	Tm	Ss	α	ρ	Mean (SD)
1. Workload (Wk)						0.72	0.72	5.02 (1.19)
a. The performance of team members is impaired by excessive workload.	0.71					0.65	0.68	4.66 (1.71)
b. Team members always have enough time to complete tasks safely.	0.74					0.60	0.62	4.76 (1.60)
c. The level of staffing in the practice is sufficient to manage the workload safely.	0.61					0.66	0.67	4.90 (1.64)
d. When pressure builds up, team members are expected to work faster even if it means taking shortcuts.	0.49					0.69	0.74	5.80 (1.52)
2. Communication (Cm)						0.85	0.85	5.05 (1.14)
a. Members feel free to question the decisions of those with more authority.		0.81				0.82	0.82	4.49 (1.58)
b. Team members are comfortable in expressing concerns to the practice leadership about how things are done in the practice.		0.66				0.82	0.82	5.33 (1.27)
c. There is open communication between team members across all levels.		0.55				0.80	0.80	5.37 (1.42)
d. Team members are kept up to date about practice developments.		0.48				0.83	0.83	5.21 (1.47)
e. Practice leadership communicates its practice development vision.		0.48				0.82	0.82	4.88 (1.49)
3. Leadership (Ldr)						0.73	0.73	6.14 (0.87)
a. The hierarchy in the practice is a barrier to effective working.			0.69			0.65	0.66	6.15 (1.30)
b. Highlighting a significant event will likely result in negative repercussions for the person raising it.			0.44			0.71	0.72	6.47 (1.24)
c. The practice leadership does not deal effectively with problem team members.			0.59			0.66	0.67	5.60 (1.59)
d. When team members suggest ways to improve how things are done, the practice leadership does not take this seriously.			0.50			0.68	0.69	5.96 (1.45)
e. There is a low level of trust between practice team members.			0.43			0.70	0.71	6.10 (1.41)
f. Practice team members frequently disregard rules, protocols and procedures.			0.48			0.71	0.71	6.58 (0.91)
4. Teamwork (Tm)						0.90	0.90	5.65 (0.93)
a. In this practice, team members treat each other with respect.				0.83		0.88	0.88	5.78 (1.19)
b. Team members always support one another.				0.65		0.89	0.89	5.82 (1.02)
c. Disagreements within the practice team are resolved appropriately.				0.64		0.88	0.88	5.39 (1.33)
d. Team members at all levels within the practice work well together.				0.50		0.89	0.89	5.75 (1.13)
e. The practice is a good place to work.				0.56		0.89	0.89	5.91 (1.14)
f. Team members are generally satisfied with their jobs.				0.56		0.89	0.89	5.21 (1.16)
g. The need to work well as a team is promoted by the practice leadership.				0.41		0.89	0.89	5.67 (1.19)
5. Safety systems (Ss)						0.87	0.87	5.54 (0.97)
a. All team members are encouraged to highlight significant events.					0.75	0.85	0.86	6.08 (1.17)
b. Practice procedures help to prevent significant events from happening					0.81	0.85	0.86	5.62 (1.14)
c. Development of practice protocols uses input from all team members.					0.70	0.84	0.84	5.03 (1.49)
d. The practice takes the time to formally assess risks (eg, to patients, to team members and to the practice).					0.69	0.85	0.86	4.95 (1.48)
e. All team members have the opportunity to participate in the analysis of significant events					0.62	0.86	0.87	5.30 (1.71)
f. The quality and safety of patient care in the practice is taken seriously.					0.72	0.86	0.87	6.40 (0.89)
g. The practice supports continuing educational development of the team					0.60	0.85	0.86	5.73 (1.28)
h. The practice encourages learning from the ideas and concerns of team members at all levels					0.48	0.85	0.86	5.23 (1.33)
Overall						0.94	0.93	5.48 (0.78)

Factor loadings <0.4 are considered weak and have been omitted from the table to aid clarity. The reported reliability coefficient for each item reflects the decrease in overall reliability if that item were to be omitted.