| 1. Science of safety training† | |
| 2. Safety hazard identification | Ask unit staff ‘how the next patient will be harmed’ Look at other sources to identify unit-based hazards (eg, event reporting system, liability claims, sentinel events) Coach and team leader assemble list of hazards Team prioritises hazards that pose greatest risks using group consensus
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| 3. Senior executive partnership32 | Executive meets with team and other unit staff monthly Executive facilitates resources and political support for risk-reduction interventions Executive holds team accountable for mitigating hazards
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| 4. Learn from defects33 | Team trained to use tool to investigate and learn from defects (problem-solve) Learn from one defect per month Measure of learning is a written summary of what happened, why it happened, what was done to reduce risk and how they know risk was actually reduced
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| 5. Communication and teamwork focus | Coach discusses ways to improve unit culture and communication Team implements tools to improve communication and teamwork Several tools available for use and/or modification34–38
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