Authors | Total no. of patient reported PSIs | % Of patient sample reporting a PSI* | No. of PSIs per patient† | Method of classifying patient reported PSIs | Total no. of patient incident reports classified as a PSI‡ | % Of patient sample reporting a classified PSI§ | No. of classified PSIs per patient¶ |
Agoritsas et al15 | 1814 | 48% | 1.3 | None | Not reported | – | – |
Fowler et al23 | Not reported | 29% | – | Physician | 845 | 24% | 0.33 |
Friedman et al24 | 18 | 9% | 0.1 | Physician | 18 | 9% | 0.09 |
Kaboli et al25 | 25 | – | 0.2 | Physician and pharmacist | 12 | – | 0.10 |
López et al26 | Not reported | 29% | – | Physician | 845 | 24% | 0.33 |
Schwappach27 | 128 | 45% | 1.02 | Researcher | Not reported | – | – |
Schwappach and Wernli28 | Not reported | 16.2% | – | None | Not reported | – | – |
Weingart et al17 | 310 | 49% | 1.4 | Physician | 62 | 20% | 0.27 |
Weingart et al29 | 121 | 43% | 0.63 | Physician and nurse | 20 | – | 0.10 |
Weingart et al30 | 19** | 11% | 0.11†† | None | Not reported | – | – |
Weissman et al31 | Not reported | – | – | Physician and nurse | 304 | 23% | 0.31 |
Van den Bemt et al32 | Not reported | – | – | Status of classification unclear | 311 | 29% | 0.50 |
Zhu et al33 | 1170 | 29% | 0.45 | Physician | 833 | 24% | 0.32 |
↵* Percentage of sample reporting a PSI: (number of unique patients reporting a PSI/total number of patients)×100.
↵† No. of reported PSIs per patient calculated by dividing total number of reported PSIs by total number of patients.
↵‡ Relates to patient reported PSIs classified as a PSI by physician review (including near misses, and medical error with or without harm).
↵§ Percentage of sample reporting a physician or nurse classified PSI based on: (number of unique patients who reported a physician or nurse classified PSI/total number of patients)×100.
↵¶ No. of physician or nurse classified PSIs per patient calculated by dividing total number of classified PSIs by total number of patients.
↵** In this study, patients were only asked to report if they had experienced a mistake related to their medication, meaning that the total number of reports is limited to the number of patients reporting a mistake.
↵†† Of the original sample of 209 patients, only 173 patients were surveyed. Therefore, percentages of those reporting mistakes with medication are calculated on a sample of 173.