Mean percentage of incontinence by availability of quality system
| Quality systems | No of teams with quality system(s) | Raw percentages % (SD) | Adjusted estimated mean % of UI | Mean difference | 95% CI interval of difference | p Value* |
| Agency level† | ||||||
| A | 9 | 37.8 (5.6) | 38.9 | 9.6 | −6.7 to 25.9 | 0.21 |
| AB | 18 | 50.6 (11.8) | 51.3 | −2.8 | −19.5 to 13.9 | 0.66 |
| ACD | 7 | 63.9 (22) | 58.5 | −10.0 | −27.0 to 7.0 | 0.22 |
| BCD | 29 | 40.4 (13.8) | 40.4 | 8.2 | −4.1 to 20.4 | 0.15 |
| C | 17 | 42.6 (10.6) | 42.5 | 6.0 | −5.3 to 17.3 | 0.26 |
| D | 2 | 67.0 (3.2) | 68.7 | −20.2 | −43.1 to 2.8 | 0.08 |
| BC | 1 | 55.2 | 56.9 | −8.4 | −38.9 to 22.1 | 0.59 |
| None (reference) | 72 | 49.2 (17.2) | 48.5 | |||
| Team level‡ | ||||||
| a | 6 | 51.4 (16.0) | 51.6 | −2.7 | 17.1 to 11.6 | 0.71 |
| ab | 4 | 50.9 (19.7) | 53.9 | −5.0 | −22.4 to 12.4 | 0.57 |
| ac | 48 | 46.9 (12.9) | 47.7 | 1.2 | −7.7 to 10.0 | 0.80 |
| abc | 11 | 47.4 (16.3) | 48.6 | 0.3 | −11.7 to 12.2 | 0.96 |
| acd | 1 | 26.9 | 33.0 | 15.9 | −15.1 to 46.9 | 0.31 |
| b | 1 | 28.6 | 32.8 | 16.1 | −14.7 to 46.9 | 0.30 |
| bc | 4 | 40.5 (9.9) | 42.1 | 6.7 | −9.8 to 23.3 | 0.42 |
| c | 48 | 45.6 (16.4) | 43.9 | 4.9 | −4.2 to 14.0 | 0.28 |
| abcd | 9 | 58.1 (22.3) | 51.9 | −3.0 | −17.8 to 11.8 | 0.68 |
| None (reference) | 23 | 48.5 (18.4) | 48.9 | |||
UI, Urinary incontinence; A, Protocol on incontinence; B, Updating of protocol; C, Continence nurse; D, UI education; a, nurse with special UI focus; b, check as to whether UI protocol is used; c, documentation in patient record; d, UI brochure.
↵* When compared with teams (within home care agencies) without quality systems.
↵† Adjusted for mobility (% bedridden): b=0.47, p=0.021.
↵‡ Adjusted for mobility (% bedridden): b=0.62, p=0.004 and mean BMI: b=1.63, p=0.043.