Mean scores of process dimensions of the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture in subgroups of respondents who rated the safety grade as higher or lower and among those who have reported or not at least one incident in the past 12 months
| Safety grade | Reported an incident in the past 12 months | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Excellent or very good | Good, fair or poor | p Value | Effect size | One or more | None | p Value | Effect size | |
| Supervisor expectations and actions | 3.86 (0.60) | 3.58 (0.73) | <0.001 | 0.41 | 3.76 (0.66) | 3.70 (0.68) | 0.14 | 0.09 |
| Organisational learning | 3.90 (0.52) | 3.55 (0.63) | <0.001 | 0.62 | 3.75 (0.65) | 3.71 (0.58) | 0.21 | 0.08 |
| Teamwork within hospital units | 4.12 (0.61) | 3.79 (0.70) | <0.001 | 0.50 | 4.00 (0.63) | 3.94 (0.71) | 0.19 | 0.08 |
| Communication openness | 4.05 (0.73) | 3.62 (0.74) | <0.001 | 0.58 | 3.84 (0.73) | 3.86 (0.77) | 0.69 | −0.02 |
| Feedback and communication about error | 3.86 (0.80) | 3.27 (0.84) | <0.001 | 0.72 | 3.56 (0.80) | 3.60 (0.91) | 0.40 | −0.05 |
| Non-punitive response to error | 3.49 (0.69) | 3.10 (0.74) | <0.001 | 0.55 | 3.34 (0.72) | 3.29 (0.75) | 0.29 | 0.07 |
| Staffing | 3.61 (0.66) | 3.09 (0.73) | <0.001 | 0.76 | 3.28 (0.76) | 3.42 (0.72) | 0.002 | −0.19 |
| Hospital management support | 3.21 (0.79) | 2.61 (0.74) | <0.001 | 0.79 | 2.83 (0.87) | 2.98 (0.80) | 0.004 | −0.18 |
| Teamwork across hospital units | 3.37 (0.61) | 3.07 (0.59) | <0.001 | 0.51 | 3.24 (0.65) | 3.22 (0.60) | 0.58 | 0.03 |
| Hospital handoffs and transitions | 3.18 (0.70) | 2.86 (0.67) | <0.001 | 0.47 | 3.01 (0.72) | 3.04 (0.68) | 0.60 | −0.03 |