Characteristics of participants that responded to both study time-points
| Individual characteristics | Frequency | Per cent |
| Organisational tenure | ||
| 0–2 years | 66 | 23.3 |
| Over 2 years | 217 | 76.7 |
| Nature of primary responsibilities | ||
| Clinical frontline | 47 | 16.5 |
| Clinical supervisor/manager | 144 | 50.7 |
| Senior/directorate manager | 20 | 7 |
| Corporate/organisational services—support | 31 | 10.9 |
| Corporate/organisational services—leads | 25 | 8.8 |
| Executive/board | 17 | 6 |
| Programme role | ||
| Programme leads and dedicated programme support | 151 | 53.2 |
| Frontline implementation | 133 | 46.8 |
| SPI work area | ||
| Perioperative care | 48 | 17 |
| Medicines management | 54 | 19.1 |
| Critical care | 41 | 14.5 |
| General ward care | 89 | 31.6 |
| Senior leadership | 25 | 8.9 |
| SPI programme coordination | 25 | 8.9 |
| Length of programme involvement | ||
| <1 year | 115 | 40.5 |
| Over 1 year | 169 | 59.5 |
| Total sample | 284 | 100 |