▸ Resuscitated from cardiac arrest

▸ Early phase of acute coronary syndromes

▸ Early postoperative phase following cardiac surgery

▸ High degree atrioventricular block

▸ Acute heart failure/pulmonary oedema

▸ Non-urgent percutaneous coronary intervention with complications

▸ Implantation of an automatic defibrillator lead or a pacemaker lead and are considered pacemaker-dependent

▸ New onset of arrhythmias or uncontrolled chronic atrial fibrillation/flutter

▸ Acute poisoning with drugs or chemicals as doses known or suspected to have cardiac arrhythmic toxicity

▸ Acute phase of ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack

▸ Postacute myocardial infarction or chest pain syndrome

▸ Have undergone uncomplicated, non-urgent percutaneous coronary interventions

▸ New or updated dose of drug for rate control of chronic atrial tachyarrhythmias

▸ Evaluated for syncope

▸ Medication titration or device therapy for subacute heart failure

▸ Acute phase of pericarditis/myocarditis

▸ Early postop of non-cardiac surgery and history of coronary artery bypass graft, percutaneous coronary intervention or valve replacement

▸ Do not resuscitate with symptomatic arrhythmia

▸ Significant electrolyte abnormalities with ECG changes

▸ Neurological conditions with potential for autonomic dysfunction

▸ Early postop without active cardiac disease

▸ Labour and delivery without significant cardiac conditions

▸ Permanent, rate-controlled atrial fibrillation

▸ Haemodialysis without metabolic derangements

▸ Stable with chronic ventricular premature beats

▸ Chronic, stable angina

▸ Terminal illness, not candidate for treatment of arrhythmias

▸ DNR-CC (comfort care)