Table 3

Types of interviews, observations, focus groups and mapping processes

Interviews		Observations		Focus groups		Mapping and surveys
Type	Articles	Type	Articles	Type	Articles	Type	Articles
Semistructured	11 27 29 30 32 33 35 41–43 59 61	Ethnographic observations	11 43 59	Focus groups	28–34 36 37 40 41 43 59	Health walks	35
Structured	28	Video observations	44	Natural groups	30	Field surveys	9 27 38
Unstructured	28	Participant observation	24 30 37 41 61	Informal focus groups	9	Photographic documentation of spaces	8
Opportunistic or rapid ‘street intercept’	11 36	Direct observation	28 36 42			Mapping and geocoding	36
In-depth	9 24 28 31 33 37 39 40 60	Shadowing	8 11
Key informant/expert	36 25	Observations (specific type not specified)	26 29 31
Informal discussions	32	Tour observations	9
Conversational interviews	26	Clinical observations	27
Video-cued interviews	44