Summary of error types with any level of clinical decision support across the three sites
| Errors (n) | Errors with CDS, n (%) | P value (between-site) | |||
| Site 1 | Site 2 | Site 3 | |||
| Error type | <0.001 | ||||
| Clinical contraindication | 29 | 6 (21) | 1 (3) | 1 (3) | |
| Dose/Frequency | 13 | 8 (62) | 4 (23) | 0 (0) | |
| Drug interaction | 25 | 1 (4) | 21 (84) | 22 (88) | |
| Other† | 11 | 4 (36) | 2 (18) | 4 (36) | |
| P value (within-site) | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||
| Risk rating‡ | 0.903 | ||||
| High risk§ (8–10) | 40 | 7 (18) | 13 (33) | 12 (30) | |
| High risk (12) | 34 | 10 (29) | 11 (32) | 13 (38) | |
| Extreme risk (15–25) | 4 | 2 (50) | 3 (75) | 2 (50) | |
| P value (within-site)* | 0.113* | 0.372* | 0.463* | ||
Within-site P values compare the CDS implementation rates across the error types/risk ratings. Between-site P values compare the distribution of CDS across the error/risk ratings between the three sites. P values are from Fisher’s exact tests.
*Kendall’s tau and bold P values are significant at P<0.05.
†Other: drug name (n=2); indication (n=1); omission (n=2); route (n=1); and timing/duration (n=6).
‡Risk rating scores are as detailed in online supplementary appendix 2 from the eDelphi study.13
§High-risk rating ranges from 8 to 12, with 12 being the highest risk.
CDS, clinical decision support.