Questions | Loading* | |
F1: Self-reflective and empowering leadership by physicians | ||
L-5 | Physicians in charge help team members settle their differences. | 0.493 |
L-6 | Physicians in charge trust the team members to exercise good judgement. | 0.549 |
L-7 | Physicians in charge permit the team members to use their own judgement in solving problems. | 0.651 |
L-8 | Physicians in charge encourage initiative in the team members. | 0.710 |
L-9 | Physicians in charge treat all team members as their equals. | 0.578 |
L-11 | Physicians in charge are well aware of their own emotions and attitudes. | 0.512 |
L-13 | Physicians in charge dare to show their vulnerability. | 0.429 |
F2: Practice and culture of open interdisciplinary reflection | ||
I-1 | There are regular opportunities for open informal dialogue between healthcare providers. | 0.549 |
I-2 | There is regular structured and formal dialogue between the various disciplines within the team to discuss patient care. | 0.637 |
I-3 | We regularly reflect on the quality of care provided from the various points of view of the staff. | 0.703 |
I-4 | The teams are well coordinated/managed. | 0.568 |
I-5 | There is an open and constructive culture in the department such that criticism can be easily expressed. | 0.543 |
I-6 | Discussions about patients lead to greater understanding and agreements. | 0.514 |
I-11 | The culture in my ICU makes it easy to learn from the errors of others. | 0.365 |
F3: Culture of not avoiding EOL decisions | ||
E-8† | Death is not perceived as a treatment failure, so decisions to withdraw or withhold therapy are seldom postponed. | 0.409 |
E-9† | EOL decisions are not frequently postponed. | 0.472 |
E-10† | Patients with little chance of recovery are not frequently admitted. | 0.709 |
E-11† | Patients with little chance of recovery do not frequently occupy an ICU bed which other patients would benefit more from. | 0.778 |
F4: Culture of mutual respect within the interdisciplinary team | ||
I-7 | I am always regarded and addressed by everyone in the team as a full-fledged team member. | 0.683 |
I-8 | Team members from another discipline respect my work. | 0.694 |
I-9 | I have confidence in the professional competence of my team members. | 0.409 |
F5: Active involvement of nurses in EOL care and decision-making (DM) | ||
E-5 | Nurses are present during the communication of end-of-life information to the family. | 0.720 |
E-6 | Nurses are involved in end-of-life decision-making. | 0.781 |
E-7 | Nurses and physicians collaborate well with one another during end-of-life situations. | 0.537 |
F6: Active decision-making by physicians | ||
L-2 | Physicians in charge make accurate and timely decisions. | 0.536 |
L-3 | Physicians in charge take full charge when emergencies arise. | 0.625 |
L-4† | Physicians in charge are not hesitant about taking initiative in the group. | 0.439 |
L-12 | Physicians in charge are well aware of their role model function. | 0.390 |
F7: Practice and culture of ethical awareness | ||
E-1 | My colleagues understand my thoughts/feelings about difficult end-of-life decisions. | 0.546 |
E-2 | Different opinions and values concerning end of life are tolerated. | 0.567 |
E-3 | We talk about moral problems. | 0.541 |
E-4 | There is a structured, formal debriefing after difficult patient care situation. | 0.562 |
*The relationship of each variable to the underlying factor is expressed by the so-called factor loading.
†Items that are reverse scored.
EDMCQ, Ethical Decision-Making Climate Questionnaire; EOL, end of life; ICU, intensive care unit.