Baseline characteristics by treatment group
| Demographics | Control | Intervention |
| Gender | ||
| Female, n (%) | 268 (51) | 304 (51) |
| Age (mean, SD) | 63 (0%)±19.1 | 63 (0%)±18.6 |
| Ethnicity, n (%) | ||
| Hispanic/Latino | 104 (20) | 98 (16) |
| Non-Hispanic/non-Latino | 420 (80) | 493 (83) |
| Unknown | 4 (1) | 3 (1) |
| Race, n (%) | ||
| White | 273 (52) | 322 (54) |
| Asian | 78 (15) | 86 (14) |
| Black or African-American | 36 (7) | 36 (6) |
| American-Indian or Alaska Native | 3 (1) | 1 (0) |
| Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 6 (1) | 1 (0) |
| Other | 123 (23) | 127 (21) |
| Clinical characteristics | ||
| Heart rate (mean, SD) | 94.05±17.6 | 93.76±17.7 |
| Mean arterial blood pressure (mean, SD) | 109.5±15.9 | 110.6±16.6 |
| Most recent temp > 38.3° C (n, %) | 115 (21.7) | 135 (22.6) |
| Most recent white cell count >12 x10^9/μL (n, %) | 138 (26.1) | 157 (25.5) |
| Most recent lactate, mmol/L (mean, SD) | 2.31±1.67 | 1.96±1.18 |
| Diagnoses at discharge, n (%) | ||
| Heart failure (ICD-9 code XXX) | 109 (20.5) | 115 (19.2) |
| Sepsis (ICD-9 code YYY) | 146 (27.5) | 150 (25.1) |
| Clinical service, n (%) | ||
| Bone marrow transplant | 29 (5) | 32 (5) |
| Cardiac surgery | 15 (3) | 12 (2) |
| Cardiology | 19 (4) | 17 (3) |
| Cardiology transplant | 5 (1) | 6 (1) |
| Critical care | 14 (3) | 13 (2) |
| Cystic fibrosis adult | 6 (1) | 9 (2) |
| General medicine (private) | 63 (12) | 71 (12) |
| General medicine (teaching) | 185 (35) | 198 (33) |
| General surgery | 8 (2) | 23 (4) |
| Gynaecologic oncology | 7 (1) | 7 (1) |
| Haematology | 32 (6) | 35 (6) |
| Haematology/oncology | 21 (4) | 29 (5) |
| Hepatology | 4 (1) | 7 (1) |
| Liver transplant | 5 (1) | 4 (1) |
| Medicine | 22 (4) | 21 (4) |
| Neurology | 4 (1) | 4 (1) |
| Oncology | 51 (10) | 62 (10) |
| Pulmonary hypertension | 7 (1) | 7 (1) |
| Pulmonary transplant | 4 (1) | 4 (1) |
| Trauma | 3 (1) | 3 (1) |
ICD-9, International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision.