Patient characteristics for (A) hip arthroplasty procedures (May 2010 to September 2013) and (B) knee arthroplasty procedures (May 2010 to September 2013).
| (A) Hip arthroplasty procedures (May 2010 – to September 2013) | Comparison states (n=131 787) | Intervention states (n=125 070) | Directly participating hospitals in intervention states (n=62 595) |
| Age, mean (SD) | 76.3 (10.1) | 75.6 (10.2) | 75.7 (10.3) |
| Female (%) | 65.5 | 65.1 | 65.3 |
| Comorbidities | |||
| Congestive heart failure (%) | 9.8 | 8.9 | 9.2 |
| Diabetes (uncomplicated and complicated), % | 18.9 | 18.5 | 19.0 |
| Obesity (%) | 9.3 | 9.1 | 8.9 |
| Peripheral vascular disease (%) | 4.5 | 4.3 | 4.2 |
| Renal failure (%) | 10.6 | 9.8 | 9.8 |
| Length of stay for surgical admission, mean (SD) | 4.4 (3.0) | 4.5 (3.7) | 4.4 (3.7) |
| (B) Knee arthroplasty procedures (May 2010 – September 2013) | Comparison states (n=196 064) | Intervention states (n=170 663) | Directly participating hospitals in intervention states (n=88 523) |
| Age, mean (SD) | 72.1 (7.8) | 71.8 (8.0) | 71.7 (8.1) |
| Female (%) | 64.6 | 65.6 | 65.9 |
| Comorbidities | |||
| Congestive heart failure (%) | 4.0 | 3.9 | 3.9 |
| Diabetes (uncomplicated and complicated), % | 24.2 | 23.8 | 24.3 |
| Obesity (%) | 18.7 | 17.7 | 17.3 |
| Peripheral vascular disease (%) | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 |
| Renal failure (%) | 6.3 | 6.1 | 6.0 |
| Length of stay for surgical admission, mean (SD) | 3.3 (1.4) | 3.3 (1.6) | 3.2 (1.6) |