Primary outcomes
| Before Mean (SD) n | After Mean (SD) n | Effect size Adjusted mean difference (95% CI) | |
| HCAHPS nurse communication35 | 0.70 (0.41) 292 | 0.80 (0.34) 368 | 0.15 (0.05 to 0.24) |
| AHCOP shared philosophy of care37 | 3.84 (0.79) 184 | 3.86 (0.81) 163 | 0.42 (0.14 to 0.70) |
| MBI emotional exhaustion39 | 21.9 (11.0) 183 | 21.2 (13.8) 156 | −2.33 (−5.92 to 1.26) |
Results in bold indicate statistically significant improvements.
AHCOP, Acute Hospital Care for Older People; HCAHPS, Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems; MBI, Maslach Burnout Inventory.