Surgical characteristics of participating patients
| Intervention (n=48) | Control (n=48) | P value | |
| Cardiac surgery type, n (%) | |||
| CABG only | 44 (91.7) | 42 (87.5) | 0.504 |
| CABG with valve replacement | 4 (8.3) | 6 (12.5) | |
| Duration of surgery (min), median (IQR) | 273 (232–300) | 250 (230–279) | 0.197 |
| Duration of anaesthesia (min), median (IQR) | 341 (269–348) | 294 (269–334) | 0.468 |
| CPB total time (min), median (IQR) | 100 (87–114) | 99 (82–117) | 0.739 |
| ASA Physical Status, n (%) | |||
| I II | 0 (0) 6 (12.5) | 0 (0) 7 (14.6) | 0.849 |
| III | 40 (83.3) | 38 (79.2) | |
| IV | 2 (4.2) | 3 (6.3) | |
| APACHE II Score, mean (SD) | 12.9 (4.7) | 12.3 (4.2) | 0.526 |
| Logistic Euroscore, mean (SD) | 2.1 (1.9) | 2.5 (1.9) | 0.344 |
| Mechanical ventilation time (h), median (IQR) | 7.0 (4.1–11.7) | 7.2 (4.6–9.3) | 0.942 |
| Sedation drug in ICU, n (%) | |||
| Propofol | 48 (100) | 48 (100) | – |
| Midazolam | 1 (2.1) | 3 (6.3) | 0.617 |
| Dexmedetomidine | 3 (6.3) | 2 (4.2) | 1.000 |
| Delirium, n (%) | 1 (2.1) | 4 (8.6) | 0.362 |
| Hyperactive | 0 | 2 | – |
| Hypoactive | 0 | 2 | – |
| Mixed | 1 | 0 | – |
| ICU length of stay (hours), median (IQR) | 21.1 (18.7–22.9) | 21.8 (20.8–23.2) | 0.312 |
| ICU outcomes | |||
| Alive, n (%) | 48 (100) | 48 (100) | – |
| Hospital length of stay (days), median IQR) | 9.5 (8.0–14.0) | 9.0 (7.0–11.3) | 0.319 |
| Hospital discharge status | |||
| Alive, n (%) | 48 (100) | 48 (100) | – |
| 30-day status | |||
| Alive, n (%) | 48 (100) | 48 (100) | – |
ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; CPB, cardiopulmonary bypass; EuroSCORE, European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation; ICU, intensive care unit.