Characteristics of patients from the control years in 2017–2019, the prior period in 2020 (30 December 2019–8 March 2020) and during the ’shelter at home' (9 March–26 April) order was issued on 11 March 2020
| 2017–2019 | 2020 | P value* | |||
| Corresponding to before ‘shelter at home’ | Corresponding to ‘shelter at home’ | Before ‘shelter at home’ | During ‘shelter at home’ | ||
| N=1 050 805 | N=763 538 | N=376 376 | N=247 567 | ||
| Sex | <0.001 | ||||
| Female | 547 437 (52.1%) | 395 541 (51.8%) | 201 070 (53.4%) | 137 194 (55.4%) | |
| Male | 503 368 (47.9%) | 367 997 (48.2%) | 175 306 (46.6%) | 110 373 (44.6%) | |
| Overall, age | <0.001 | ||||
| <18 | 247 445 (23.5%) | 179 604 (23.5%) | 80 062 (21.3%) | 43 008 (17.4%) | |
| 18–49 | 356 228 (33.9%) | 263 684 (34.5%) | 132 994 (35.3%) | 92 072 (37.2%) | |
| 50–69 | 214 652 (20.4%) | 155 647 (20.4%) | 77 617 (20.6%) | 58 646 (23.7%) | |
| 70+ | 232 480 (22.1%) | 164 603 (21.6%) | 85 703 (22.8%) | 53 841 (21.7%) | |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index | <0.001 | ||||
| Low | 691 649 (65.8%) | 506 847 (66.4%) | 246 049 (65.4%) | 161 049 (65%) | |
| Medium | 240 639 (22.9%) | 173 122 (22.7%) | 88 328 (23.5%) | 59 798 (24.2%) | |
| High | 118 515 (11.3%) | 83 569 (10.9%) | 41 993 (11.2%) | 26 701 (10.8%) | |
| Five most stable diagnoses† | <0.001 | ||||
| Schizophrenia | 7151 (0.7%) | 5370 (0.7%) | 3064 (0.8%) | 2006 (0.8%) | |
| COPD exacerbation | 11 245 (1.1%) | 7392 (1.0%) | 3529 (0.9%) | 1871 (0.8%) | |
| Hip fracture | 4301 (0.4%) | 2902 (0.4%) | 1524 (0.4%) | 870 (0.4%) | |
| Myocardial infarction | 3018 (0.3%) | 2022 (0.3%) | 942 (0.3%) | 600 (0.2%) | |
| Urinary tract infection | 10 034 (1.0%) | 7562 (1.0%) | 3510 (0.9%) | 1728 (0.7%) | |
The ‘five most stable diagnoses’ designate the five most common of 29 prespecified diagnoses we expected to remain stable during the ‘shelter at home’ period based on data from 2017 to 2019.
*P values based on Pearson’s χ² test representing the probability that the control period in 2017–2019 is equal to 9 March–26 April 2020,
†Percentage of all patients,
COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.