Study outcomes and definitions
| Outcome | Definition | Goal | Effect of PIPA |
| Inpatient length of stay | Length of stay (hours) | ↓ | ↑ |
| Early administration of bronchodilator via metered-dose inhaler (MDI) | MDI: (1) ordered at admission, (2) first ordered at 1 hour frequency or (3) first ordered at 2-hour frequency. | ↑ | ↑ |
| Screening for secondhand tobacco smoke exposure | Documented screening for secondhand tobacco smoke exposure. | ↑ | ↑ |
| Referral of caregivers to smoking cessation resources | Documented referral to cessation resources for caretakers that screen positive for tobacco use. | ↑ | ↑ |
PIPA, Pathways for Improving Paediatric Asthma Care.