Clinical article
Osseointegrated implants in irradiated bone: A case-controlled study using adjunctive hyperbaric oxygen therapy

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0278-2391(99)90059-9Get rights and content

Abstract

Purpose: The current investigation was undertaken to study whether osseointegration of implants in irradiated tissues is subject to a higher failure rate than in nonirradiated tissues. It further aimed to study whether hyperbaric oxygen treatment (HBO) can be used to reduce implant failure.

Patients and Methods: Seventy-eight cancer patients who were rehabilitated using osseointegrated implants between 1981 and 1997 were investigated. Three groups of patients were compared: irradiated (A), nonirradiated (B), and irradiated and HBO-treated (C). In addition, 10 irradiated patients who had lost most of their implants received new ones after HBO treatment. These were compared as a case-control group.

Results: Implant failures were highest in group A (53.7%). Implant failure was 13.5% in group B and 8.1% in group C. The difference between group A and the other two groups was statistically significant (P = .001 to .0023, Mantell's test). HBO significantly improved implant survival in the case-control group from 34 of 43 implants lost to 5 of 42 lost (P = .0078).

Conclusions: Implant insertion in irradiated bone is associated with a higher failure rate. Adjuvant HBO treatment can reduce the failures.

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    Supported by grants from the Assar Gabrielsson Foundation for Clinical Cancer Research, the Gullborg and Hilding Göransson Foundation, the Gunnar, Arvid and Elisabeth Nilsson Foundation, the Sahlgrenska Hospital Research Foundation for Cancer, and the Alma and Anna Yhlén Foundation.

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