China's environmental protection: challenges and countermeasures

China Popul Today. 1993 Oct;10(5):16-9.

Abstract

PIP: The following suggestions are made to improve environmental quality in China: control population growth, develop ecofarming, protect biodiversity, explore new energy sources, practice safe and sustainable consumption, adopt an efficient strategy for use of natural resources, use industrial production to maintain sustainable development, strengthen management, guide urbanization, and increase international cooperation. The environmental problems are identified as the low use of industrial technology for preventing undesirable waste or emissions, increased sewage discharges in rural areas, water pollution, increased acid rain, increased pollution from solid waste and toxic chemicals, soil erosion and desertification, and agricultural pollution from chemical fertilizers. Environmental pollution is the result of economic development. Economic development should, therefore, take responsibility for the solutions. Current funding for environmental protection is an inadequate 0.67% of the gross national product. Environmental management needs to be strengthened, given greater priority, and balanced with sustainable development. The entire population should be made aware of the importance of protecting the environment. Progress has been made in increasing cultivated forest preserves, in decreasing discharges of wastes into the water, and in decreasing noise pollution. 1098 districts in 216 cities meet environmental noise control standards. The 1991 environmental protection staff consisted of 71,000 persons who were employed in 2199 monitoring stations for soot control, 61 natural reserves, and 6400 environmental pollution projects. A total investment of 1.74 billion RMB yuan was invested in environmental pollution control projects. Environmental quality has been maintained at 1980 standards, and further environmental pollution has been avoided. Atmospheric pollution in the third quarter of 1991 in large and medium-sized cities was 0.067 to 0.450 milligrams per cubic meter for total suspended particulates, 0.005 to 0.239 for sulphur dioxide concentration, and 0.012 to 0.139 for nitrogenous dioxides.

MeSH terms

  • Asia
  • Asia, Eastern
  • Chemical Phenomena
  • Chemistry
  • China
  • Conservation of Natural Resources*
  • Demography
  • Developing Countries
  • Economics*
  • Environment
  • Environmental Pollution*
  • Evaluation Studies as Topic*
  • Health
  • Organic Chemicals*
  • Population
  • Population Dynamics
  • Population Growth*
  • Public Health
  • Sanitation*
  • Water Supply*

Substances

  • Organic Chemicals