Objective.—To evaluate evidence on the relative effectiveness of directly observed therapy
in achieving treatment completion for pulmonary tuberculosis. Participants.—A panel of 11 …

Objective: To investigate black-white differences in factors related to hysterectomy. Methods:
Discharge summary data were analyzed for 53,159 hysterectomies that occurred in …

The Hawthorne experiments are a backdrop for diverse studies assess-ing the impact of
treatment and experimentation on human and organiza-tional performance. The Hawthorne …

Performance indicators for healthcare organizations represent a strategy for accountability
worldwide. A universal approach to either the design for indicators or their applicability to …

There is evidence that average total charges per episode of child birth depend on maternal
plus child length of stay, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) utilization, maternal race and …

This article reviews the current small-area variation analysis (SAVA) approach to population-
based rates of surgery, and describes a new method for ascertaining variance based on the …

This paper describes the technical and conceptual aspects in the development of an
indicator project to measure hospital performance. Almost a decade ago, a research based …

We contend that the scientific study of performance requires a model or paradigm. We
propose a performance model with an underlying mathematical basis that is well defined …

Article-at-a-Glance Background The Maryland Hospital Association's Quality Indicator
Project (QI Project®) is a program of indicator development and application that has grown …

Introduction Hospitals increasingly wish to know how well they are performing and to have
effective means of assessing and improving the quality of care that they provide. For this …