Evidence-based methodologies are used to synthesise systematic high-quality evidence and were first applied in clinical practice. Evidence-based public health, however, is still in its early stages. The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control sought the insight of European organisations working in the field of public health on current practices, capacities, perceptions and predictions of evidence-based public health. A survey was sent to 76 organisations. A response rate of 36% was achieved, representing 27 organisations from 16 countries. Systematic reviews were the most commonly offered service, followed by health technology assessments and rapid assessments. Fifty-four per cent of respondents believed that evidence-based methodologies were poorly integrated into public health. The main perceived barriers to the further development of evidence-based public health included ‘lack of formalised structure or system’, ‘resource constraints’ ‘lack of understanding of evidence-based methodologies by policy makers’ and ‘lack of data’. Nevertheless, 81% of respondents believed that evidence-based methodologies will play an increasingly important role in public health in future. However, several barriers need to be overcome. Consistent frameworks and consensus on best practices were identified as the most pressing requirements. Steps should be taken to address these barriers and facilitate integration and ultimately public health policies.